Flat head syndrome means that a baby's head is flat in the back or on one side. Most often, it's from lying on the back or lying with the head to one side for long periods of time. Sometimes a baby's forehead, cheek, or ear may get pushed forward a bit on one side. The condition is also called positional plagiocephaly.
Flat head syndrome doesn't hurt your baby. And in most children it goes away on its own when the child can sit and stand. If some flattening remains, it's usually minor. Most of the time it's covered by hair as your child grows.
Brachycephaly refers to a flattened or shortened skull, specifically in the back of the head, resulting in a wider-than-normal head shape. This condition, also known as flat head syndrome, is often positional (due to prolonged pressure) but can also be caused by a genetic condition called craniosynostosis, where the skull bones fuse prematurely. While positional brachycephaly typically doesn't affect brain development, it can impact appearance and potentially require intervention.
It is a good idea to have baby assessed for contributing factors that may lead to positional favouritism such as:
Although your baby may not "need" therapy, however all babies can benefit from body work by a massage therapist, physical therapist, occupational therapist or osteopath.
We can help determine contributing factors in head flattening and the best treatment. A referral to another specialist also may be recommended. The sooner a family sees a massage therapist, physical therapist, occupational therapist or osteopath, the better the chances of improving or preventing further head shape deformities. Early therapy also helps to reduce the risk for related developmental problems.
skull flattening can occur if the baby is stuck in a tight position in the womb. The condition occurs more commonly in pregnancy with multiple babies (twins, triplets) or a mother's first pregnancy.
Soft tissue injury during the delivery process can cause lead to shortened tight neck muscles and the baby to favour a side because of the tension.
Babies who sleep with their arms and legs outstretched, in a “starfish” position, may develop brachycephaly. Babies who only sleep on one side can develop a flat spot on one side called plagiocephaly.
Without enough tummy time to strengthen neck and shoulder muscles, babies spend more time on their backs, increasing the risk of brachycephaly. If baby struggles with tummy time it may be essential to figure out the underlying reason.
Spending excessive time in car seats, swings, or baby carriers, where a baby’s head remains in a reclined position, can also contribute to flattening. While these devices are convenient, it’s essential to monitor the time spent in them to prevent constant pressure on the back of the head.
Premature babies have softer skull bones and are more likely to spend long periods lying in one position, especially when they require respiratory support. This prolonged pressure on the back of the head can result in brachycephaly.
Tips to avoid flat head
How to help reverse head flattening
CranioSacral Therapy with a Registered Massage Therapist can: